While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Managua's 2023 population is now estimated at 1,291,800. A road from the river port city of El Rama to Pearl Lagoon, located in the South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region, was completed in 2007. ), household consumption: 69.9% (2017 est. However, this does not yield truthfully for cities and towns who tend to be considerably further from the main highway roads. Averages are for Managua A. C. Sandino, which is 6 miles from Managua. Critics pointed to the fact that buildings of particular importance, especially those of colonial heritage, were painted in bright colors. [citation needed]. The surface area is 267.2 square kilometers. 16 Nov. 2009. Political turmoil, civil war, and natural disasters from the 1970s through the 1990s dramatically increased the flow of refugees and permanent migrants seeking jobs, higher wages, and better social and healthcare benefits. Managua serves as the company's hub, with buses departing from Managua to San Jos, Costa Rica, Tegucigalpa, San Salvador and Choluteca. The city has a population of approximately 1.5 million people. [50], Managua is also home to Museo Sitio Huellas de Acahualinca (the Museum of Acahualinca), where the Ancient footprints of Acahualinca, fossilized Paleo American footprints made 2,100 years ago, are engraved in volcanic ash. [2][3] The city underwent a rapid expansion and urbanization between 1842 and 1930, leading it to become one of the most developed cities in Central America. Other universities are the Central American University (1961), the Polytechnical University of Nicaragua (1968; university status 1976), the National University of Engineering (1983), the American University (1992), and Redemptoris Mater Catholic University of Nicaragua (1992). It was commissioned by President Juan Bautista Sacasa in 1935 and built by architect Pablo Dambach, who also built the St. James Cathedral. In Managua there are two golf courses, the better-known of which is Nejapa Golf & Country Club. Managua's location between the rival cities of Len and Granada made it a logical compromise site. This highway is commonly referred to as the Northern Highway. (2005) 908,892; (2016 est.) Are Nicaraguans white or black? The Pacific coast of Nicaragua was settled as a Spanish colony from Panama in the early 16th century. More than 300,000 Nicaraguans returned from abroad bringing their expertise and needed capital. Located on Lake Managua's southwestern shores, Managua is the capital and the most populated city in Nicaragua. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )-3.78% (2019 est. )major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informacin bsica. [7] Residents of the city are called managuas, managenses, or capitalinos. Managua is the national education center, with most of the nation's prestigious universities and higher education institutions based there. ), urban population: 59.8% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 1.45% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. ), 4.851 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. )investment in fixed capital: 28.1% (2017 est. The Santo Domingo de Guzmn Museum is an anthropology museum. This is a list of the largest cities in Nicaragua by population. Today roughly 300,000 Nicaraguans are permanent residents of Costa Rica - about 75% of the foreign population - and thousands more migrate seasonally for work, many illegally. [53], The Catedral de Santiago (St. James' Cathedral), also known as the Old Cathedral of Managua was designed by Belgian architects, and the iron that was used to shape the core of the cathedral was shipped from Belgium. Other monuments include the monument of El Guerrillero sin Nombre (The Nameless Guerrilla Soldier) and Monumento la Paz (Monument for Peace). The museum is located in west Managua in the Acahualinca neighborhood. )hydroelectricity: 12.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The temperature varies from 72F (22.2C) at night to 86F (30C) during the daytime. The Dennis Martnez National Stadium has a capacity for 40,000, making it the largest stadium in Nicaragua. Britain occupied the Caribbean Coast in the first half of the 19th century, but gradually ceded control of the region in subsequent decades. It is a neo-classical monument which consists of a round pedestal, topped by a balustrade surrounding a fountain containing a gondola filled with singing cherubs, and at the center, a pillar topped with a statue of Daro dressed in a Roman tunic protected by an angel. Managua's 2023 population is now estimated at, Managua has grown by 17,811 in the last year, which represents a, These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the. [26] According to a study done by Amrica Economa INCAE ranked as the number one business school in Latin America in 2004 and 2005[27] and ranked in the top ten international business schools by The Wall Street Journal in 2006.[28]. ), total subscriptions: 5,976,479 (2020 est. Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Some of the larger television channels include: Canal 2, Telenica, Canal 10, Canal 15 (100% Noticias), and several others. There are two possible origins for the name "Managua". [citation needed] Restoration of the old cathedral has appeared to be possible. )33.122 (2019 est. University level institutions account for 6% of the 18 percent. In the lead-up to the 2021 presidential election, authorities arrested over 40 individuals linked to the political opposition, including presidential candidates, private sector leaders, NGO workers, human rights defenders, and journalists. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [50], The Dennis Martnez National Stadium was built in 1948 and was the largest stadium in Central America at the end of its construction. More than half of all residents (59%) live within cities. In 1991, there were 110 gangs in Managua. The German government funded the construction of a water treatment plant with plans to process the city's sewage and clean the Managua lake. Foreign embassies in Managua also sponsor film festivals. All of Nicaragua's main roads lead to Managua, and there are good public transportation connections to and from the capital. The Carretera A Masaya connects Managua to the departments of Masaya and Granada. [citation needed], The National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN) (Spanish: Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Nicaragua) is the main state-funded public university of Nicaragua. Managua is the economic center and a generator of services for the majority of the nation. )consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est. )$496.7 million (2020 est. Lake Managua contains the same fish species as larger Lake Cocibolca in southeastern Nicaragua, except for the freshwater sharks found exclusively in the latter. [47], The Rubn Daro National Theatre is Nicaragua's most important theater, and is one of the most modern theaters in Central America. The main trading products are beef, coffee, cotton, and other crops. For other uses, see. This also tends to be true for cities and towns that are served or are in close distance with the freeways. [57][58][59] The number of gang members was estimated at 4,500 throughout the country, lower than all of its Northern neighbors in the region except Belize. New private courts have played a big role in the promotion of amateur games and tournaments. Nicaragua, located in Central America, may have been inhabited from as long ago as 8,000 years.Evidence of one of the Americas' earliest human . By government decree in 1983 the campus of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua in Len and Managua, became two separate entities; UNAN and UNAN-Len.[25]. [citation needed], The President of Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega, was presented with a plan to revitalize the city center. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Managua (Spanish pronunciation:[manawa]) is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua, and one of the largest cities in Central America. Managua is also home to all of the major banks of the nation, Banco de la Produccin (BANPRO), BAC Credomatic, Banco de Finanzas (BDF), Banco de Crdito Centroamericano (Bancentro) and its parent company the Lafise Group. After another disastrous earthquake in 1972, the business section was rebuilt 6 miles (10 km) away (to the south and west) from the former city centre. )services: 60% (2017 est. The airport, known as Aeropuerto Sandino or MGA to locals, serves as the primary hub for connections at both domestic and international levels. )other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Out of the country's one hundred and forty airports, it is the only one with the appropriate infrastructure and capacity to handle international flights. ), degree of risk: high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria, total: 3.69 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Also, the tomb of Carlos Fonseca, founder of the FSLN, which is guarded by an eternal flame. It was founded in 1967. [56], Neither Nicaragua nor the city of Managua have major gang problems, in comparison to some of its regional neighbors. 2011. The Polytechnic University of Nicaragua (UPOLI) (Spanish: Universidad Politcnica de Nicaragua) is a university located in Managua, Nicaragua. ), municipal: 286 million cubic meters (2017 est. ), $6.617 billion (2021 est.) The city's chief products include beer, coffee, pharmaceuticals, textiles, shoes, matches, construction products, etc. ), total population: 75.05 yearsmale: 72.84 yearsfemale: 77.36 years (2023 est. )consumption: 3,182,620,000 kWh (2019 est. [64] The airport was remodeled by architect Roberto Sansn[65] and has now been converted into one of the region's most modern airports. Nicaraguan aid to leftist rebels in El Salvador prompted the US to sponsor anti-Sandinista contra guerrillas through much of the 1980s. 5 million B. 0-14 years: 24.16% (male 784,847/female 751,616)15-64 years: 69.36% (male 2,134,871/female 2,276,522)65 years and over: 6.48% (2023 est.) Web. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020,[4] and a population of 1,401,687[4] in its metropolitan area. )consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. ), cordobas (NIO) per US dollar -35.171 (2021 est. )0.6% of GDP (2019) (approximately $170 million)0.6% of GDP (2018) (approximately $180 million)0.6% of GDP (2017) (approximately $190 million), approximately 12,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 800 Navy; 1,200 Air Force) (2022), the Nicaraguan military's inventory includes mostly secondhand Russian/Soviet-era equipment; in recent years, Russia has been the leading arms supplier to Nicaragua (2022), 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; tour of duty 18-36 months; requires Nicaraguan nationality and 6th-grade education (2022), the modern Army of Nicaragua was created in 1979 as the Sandinista Popular Army (1979-1984); prior to 1979, the military was known as the National Guard, which was organized and trained by the US in the 1920s and 1930s; the first commander of the National Guard, Anastasio SOMOZA GARCIA, seized power in 1937 and ran the country as a military dictator until his assassination in 1956; his sons ran the country either directly or through figureheads until the Sandinistas came to power in 1979; the defeated National Guard was disbanded by the Sandinistas (2022), Nicaragua-El Salvador-Honduras: the 1992 ICJ ruling for El Salvador and Honduras advised a tripartite resolution to establish a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca, which considers Honduran access to the Pacific; the court ruled, rather, that the Gulf ofFonsecarepresents a condominium, with control being shared by El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua; the decision allowed for the possibility that the three nations could divide the waters at a later date if they wished to do so, Nicaragua-Costa Rica: Nicaragua and Costa Rica regularly file border dispute cases with the ICJ over the delimitations of the San Juan River and the northern tip of Calero Island, virtually uninhabited areas claimed by both countries; there is an ongoing case in the ICJ to determine Pacific and Atlantic ocean maritime borders as well as land borders; in 2009, the ICJ ruled that Costa Rican vessels carrying out police activities could not use the river, but official Costa Rican vessels providing essential services to riverside inhabitants and Costa Rican tourists could travel freely on the river; in 2011, the ICJ provisionally ruled that both countries must remove personnel from the disputed area; in 2013, the ICJ rejected Nicaragua's 2012 suit to halt Costa Rica's construction of a highway paralleling the river on the grounds of irreparable environmental damage; in 2013, the ICJ, regarding the disputed territory, ordered that Nicaragua should refrain from dredging or canal construction and refill and repair damage caused by trenches connecting the river to the Caribbean and upheld its 2010 ruling that Nicaragua must remove all personnel; in early 2014, Costa Rica brought Nicaragua to the ICJ over offshore oil concessions in the disputed region; in 2018, the ICJ ruled that Nicaragua must remove a military base from a contested coastal area near the San Juan River, and that Costa Rica had sovereignty over the northern part of Isla Portillos, including the coast, but excluding Harbour Head Lagoon; additionally, Honduras was required to pay reparations for environmental damage to part of the wetlands at the mouth of the San Juan River, Nicaragua-Colombia: Nicaragua filed a case with the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against Colombia in 2013 over the delimitation of the Continental shelf beyond the 200 nautical miles from the Nicaraguan coast, as well as over the alleged violation by Colombia of Nicaraguan maritime space in the Caribbean Sea, which contains rich oil and fish resources; as of September 2021, Colombia refuses to abide by the ICJ ruling, tier rating: Tier 3 Nicaragua does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so and was downgraded to Tier 3; the government identified slightly more victims than in the previous reporting period and prosecuted a trafficker; however, no traffickers were convicted and victim identification remained inadequate; authorities did not investigate, prosecute, or convict government employees complicit in trafficking; the government provided no victim services; prosecution, protection, and prevention efforts in the two Caribbean autonomous regions of Nicaragua continued to be much weaker than in the rest of the country (2020)trafficking profile: human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Nicaragua and Nicaraguans abroad; women, children, and migrants are most at risk; women and children are subject to sex trafficking within the country and its two Caribbean autonomous regions, as well as in other Central American countries, Mexico, Spain, and the United States; traffickers used social media to recruit victims with promises of high-paying jobs in restaurants, hotels, construction, and security outside of Nicaragua where they are subjected to sex or labor trafficking; traffickers exploit children through forced participation in illegal drug production and trafficking; children and persons with disabilities are subjected to forced begging; Nicaragua is also a destination for child sex tourists from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe, a transit route for drug traffickers smuggling cocaine from South America through Mexico into the United States via maritime and air routes, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). )investment in inventories: 1.7% (2017 est. ms que 11/05/2011, Last edited on 22 February 2023, at 02:02, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Institute of History of Nicaragua and Central America, Liga Centroamericana de clubes de baloncesto, Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, "Managua en el Tiempo: La "Novia del Xolotln", "Resurge el centro de Managua en busca de su antiguo esplendor", Proyecto NIC10-59044: Promocin de un Transporte Ambientalmente Sostenible para Managua Metropolitana, "Deadly history of earthquakes: 23 December 1972", ENACAL - Ms Aguas y Saneamientos 2007-2010, "Topic 4: Megaproject to Clean up Lake Managua Begins", Nicaragua inaugurates $86 million treatment plan to clean up Lake Managua, "Klimatafel von Managua (Int. Managua, city, capital of Nicaragua, lying amid small crater lakes on the southern shore of Lake Managua. The markets enjoy a substantial amount of popularity, as many of the backpacking, ecotourism-focused tourists and tourists on-a-budget use these markets for their supplies and souvenirs. The plaza has been partially rebuilt and many old buildings have been refurbished. [37], Managua is Nicaragua's cultural capital, boasting several restaurants, theaters, museums, and a few shopping centers. Infrastructure on the highways is well maintained. Managua is the capital city of Nicaragua. [8] The ancient footprints of Acahualinca are 2,100-year-old fossils[9] discovered along the shores of Lake Managua. Restaurants and stores line the walls of the lagoon. Nightclubs and bars are abound in Managua, particularly, in the popular areas called "Zona Viva" located in the shopping mall "Galeras Santo Domingo", as well as very close by "Plaza Mi Viejo Santo Domingo" and "Plaza Familiar".